What Constitutes a Theory?

Theory is developed with a very stern repetation of many many iteration. It isn't just a casual, nonchalant statement but a very studious process to understand and validate a phenomena present in Universe.

In this blog, we will understand how a theory is developed also this isn't a very technical, nuanced and layered understanding of development process of theory but rather a satiable and top angled view of the process.

Generally, Theory starts from observation.

Observation from senses, conventionally from five senses, though author think there are many ways of sensing; like hunger, though not from any main five senses but still: one senses hunger.

Coming back to observation, we observe a phenomena in Universe like every object fall back to earth or water disappear when heated and vapor is formed or sun rises from a specific particular direction and sets in opposite direction etc. All these are example of observation.

The next step of this process is hypothesis i.e. finding reasoning for a phenomena like Sun hides behind Mountain during night time.

Then comes experiment this is usually the time and resource consuming part, like going to the other side of mountain to find if hypothesis is true. If experiment validates hypothesis we experiment again with different ways, by modifying or completely changing the factors, example if one find sun behind the mountain during night, one does experiment to check if sun hides behind every other mountain in that direction and keep doing iteration, until there is enough validation that sun hide behind this specific mountain every single night. This with validation from thousands of experiments in thousands of different ways and thousands of different people ultimately become a Theory.

But if even a single experiment refute the earlier hypothesis then the process reverse back to observation or different hypothesis like if sun wasn't found behind the mountain the hypothesis would have changed to maybe Galactic Turtle swallows it at night then experimenting with this hypothesis again and being invalidated.

Ultimately we reach to hypothesis that earth rotating on its axis may be causing day and night then experiment with it and getting validated by thousands or even more experiments this becomes a Theory.

Day and Night on earth happen due to rotating earth on its own axis, part of earth facing sun will experience day and part of earth not facing sun will experience night. This is roughly the scientific method of developing a Theory.

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