Physics In Flux. (Physics Blog)

What is this all made of?  What is the fundamental building block of this universe? These kinds of questions have bugged many great thinkers for hundreds of years. In this blog, let us discuss the most updated model humans have come up with to answer this fundamental question i.e. what is all this made of? Technically, if you modify this question, then it would be something like, what is all 'matter' made of? In ancient cultures, this substance should be individual (Cannot be further divided) And they called it an atom (derived from the Greek word atomos, meaning uncuttable). But further studies discovered that this atom can be further divided and thus the discovery of subatomic particles, electrons, neutrons, and protons was established. For a short period of time, these were considered as indivisible particles. But this understanding was put into question by Murray Gell-Mann in his 'Quark theory'. This theory was further developed, and currently, we have 'The Sta...

 Fine-tuned universe - This idea presents that the universe is kind of designed or finely tuned in its physical laws, physical constants, and other parameters in order to allow the existence of life. Does this mean that the universe is made for us? Does this mean that some entity would have designed it, like God? This is a very interesting hypothesis in physics. So let's unpack this hypothesis in this blog. Let's start exploring this Fine tuned Universe hypothesis by understanding what fundamental constants of physics are Fundamental constants are fixed numerical values that are fundamental to the universe and are statistically improbable (unlikely) or have no theoretical basis, they are known necessarily by measurements and experiments. Examples of these Fundamental constants are the universal gravitational constant G = 6.67 * 10 to the power of -11 Newton meter square/kg square Or the plank's constant h = 6.626  * 10 to the power of -34 joules/second Or even the speed of...

We probably know the law of conservation of energy .  'Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.' So if we think about it for a while, a natural and obvious question arises, What is the total amount of energy available in the universe? There must be a constant value of energy in the universe since the energy can neither be created nor destroyed. So let's answer this question in this blog. What if I say that there is zero total amount of energy in the Universe? In other words, nothing is not nothing. Nothing can arrange itself in such a way that it becomes something. This hypothesis, that the total amount of energy in the universe is exactly zero and such a Universe is called a zero-energy universe . For eg : 0 can be written as 0 = -1 +1 = -1987632 + 1987632 = +89000000 - 89000000. but actually, 0 is divided into +10 power 69 and -10 power 69 joules of energy in the universe. Similarly, there is positive energy in the form of matter-energy and negative energy in the form...

  In previous blogs, I discussed Kepler's first  and second laws of planetary motion. In this blog, I will be discussing Kepler's third law of planetary motion. Statement:  "The ratio of the square of the orbital period of objects to the cube of the semi-major axis is the same for all objects orbiting the same prime celestial body. Kepler's 3rd Law of Planatery Motion T 1 2 /R 1 3 = T 2 2 /R 2 3 = T 3 2 /R 3 3    or vice versa R 1 3 /T 1 2 = R 2 3 /T 2 2 = R 3 3 /T 3 2  Different Elements of Ellipse For example, if you take the sun as being a prime celestial body orbited by objects that are planets like Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Planets Average distance from the Sun during a complete revolution (In Astronomical Unit ) Time Taken for a complete revolution (In Earth days) Mercury 0.387 87.969 Venus 0.723 244.700 Earth 1 365.256...

Kepler's Second Law, The Law of Equal Areas: Kepler's second law of planetary motion states that "a line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals". This means that the planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun and slower when it is farther away. To understand Kepler's second law, it is helpful to think about the concept of angular momentum. Angular momentum is the product of an object's mass, its velocity, and the distance from the object to the center of rotation. In the case of a planet orbiting the Sun, the angular momentum of the planet is constant. Kepler's second law of planetary motion. Angular momentum = Mass*Velocity*Distance from Sun to celestial body. L = MVR Now, angular momentum is constant (as angular momentum is conserved). Therefore, L and M are constant. R is a variable as the orbit is elliptical in shape (from the first law of Kepler). So, to compensate for the variable R, the velocity V of the pl...

let me first start by explaining some terminologies that I will be using in this blog so that you don't need to Google every now and then.  ISRO : ISRO stands for Indian Space Research Organisation. It is India’s national space agency responsible for space research and exploration. Lander : A lander is a spacecraft (A spacecraft is a vehicle designed for travel or operation outside the earth’s atmosphere) designed to land on a celestial body such as a planet or moon. Rover : A rover is a vehicle designed to move across the surface of a celestial body (A celestial body is an aggregation of matter in the universe, such as a planet or star that can be considered as a single unit for astronomical study )  such as a planet or moon. Propulsion module : A propulsion module is a component of a spacecraft that provides thrust (in lame language thrust is forward force) to move it through space. Powered descent : Powered descent refers to using rocket engines to slow down a spacecraft as...

In the vast expanse of the cosmos, celestial bodies dance through the void in intricate and mesmerizing patterns. For centuries, humanity gazed upon the heavens, seeking to decipher the celestial choreography. Among those who dedicated their lives to unraveling these celestial mysteries, Johannes Kepler stands as a luminary figure. His first law of planetary motion, unveiled in the early 17th century, revolutionized our understanding of how planets move through space. At the heart of Kepler's first law lies a simple yet profound revelation, planets do not follow perfectly circular paths in their orbits around the Sun, as had been previously believed. Instead, they trace elliptical orbits. This departure from circularity opened Pandora's box of questions and insights, forever altering our understanding of the cosmos. An ellipse is a geometric shape resembling a flattened circle, characterized by two focal points rather than a single center. In the context of planetary motion, th...

Entropy is an idea that has entranced and puzzled researchers, logicians, and masterminds across different disciplines for quite a long time. A term conveys a persona, frequently connected with disarray and confusion. However, when we jump further into the idea of entropy, we find that it's not just about irregularity and disorder; an essential rule oversees the universe's way of behaving. In its least difficult structure, entropy can be portrayed as a proportion of turmoil or irregularity in a framework. An idea begins from the field of thermodynamics, where portraying the change of energy in heat engines was first presented. Be that as it may, its applications reach out a long way past thermodynamics, pervading different fields like data hypothesis, science, and even way of thinking. One of the most widely recognized ways of understanding entropy is through the case of a deck of cards. Envision a fresh out of the box new deck, flawlessly arranged by suit and rank, with hearts...

 Have you ever wondered about the strange and mind-boggling nature of the universe at the tiniest scales? Welcome to the realm of quantum physics, where particles can be in two places at once and reality seems to defy our intuition. One of the most intriguing experiments in this realm is Double-slit Experiment. A mind-twisting puzzle that challenges our understanding of the nature of matter and light. Imagine a wall with two slits cut into it, side by side Now, envision shooting tiny particles like Electrons or even photons (particles of light), at this wall. You would expect these particles to act like little bullets passing through one slit or the other and leaving two separate patterns on the wall behind the slits, But wait that's not what happens. When scientists actually perform this experiment, they were in for a shock. Instead of two simple patterns, they observed something astonishing and an interference pattern. This pattern looks like a series of alternating light and dar...

You can never be satisfied if you are not satisfied NOW. One reason for this is that there is no future, no past, no present just NOW, And every feeling, emotion, and dissatisfaction is just the changes in NOW. So if you're not satisfied now, you can never be satisfied ever again. Another reason is that our life will not change as drastically as we think in our imagination, even after we achieve whatever we want, or whatever we think will change our life. There will be changes, but they seem tiny and small over a period of time. So, learning to be completely satisfied with now and not relying on your hopes for the changes in now is the most important skill. And understand this, that there might be a kind of FOMO (fear of missing out) we will always have, and it's not an unrealistic one. Like, if we choose to do business, we are automatically negating all the other possible career options, And it can be applied to any other aspect of life, like marriage. If you get married to on...

 A few months ago, I watched a YouTube video that gave me a new perspective on learning new things This was a ted talk, and I don't remember the speaker's name (Sorry for that). I found this idea very interesting and wanted to share it.  Most of us may have heard that it would take around 10,000 hours to master a new skill, 10,000 hours. If we make a basic calculation, for example, 8 hours per day, and if 25 working days per month So 8*25= 200 hours per month. 200*12 = 2400 hours per year, 10,000 / 2400 = 4.16 years to master a new skill. It would take four years to master a new skill. But here is a slight miscommunication, It is to become an EXPERT. This study was conducted on the best athletes greatest music composers and chess grandmasters. Then the conductor of the study came to the conclusion of 10,000 hours to master anything. When I heard about this study, probably for the first time, I thought that, OH! it would take 10000hrs to learn a new skill. Many of you people ma...

Dwelled in strangeness so often That strangeness doesn't feel strange, Dwelled in Wonder so often That wonder has become obvious.  Strange, weird, odd.  Also funny, Light, and amazing. Show what's next? Show something new, refreshing, and unique, I'm tired of your old tantrums, with your silly stupid surprises.  Show, Maybe something similar to others, Maybe something similar to common sense, Maybe something similar to obviously obvious, Maybe something similar to similar. Do you have anything more? More artistic also more sharp, More fluid also more solid, More wiggly And also rigid. Do show me some sanity, Do show me something that 'should' be done, Do show me some compulsion, Do show me some prison. I'm ready. I'm courageous enough to go on, Go on with you on your pointless journey,   Yet adventures and filled with madness. Take me to thrills, fears, horrors, and scariest, Take me to dark, darker, and darkest, I'm afraid. But courageous. I'm frigh...

In the present world, we are almost always either disturbed by our past memories and embarrassments or worried about our future. And many people advise living in the present moment as a solution to the problem. We create another problem for ourselves by trying to solve the former. By trying to live in the present moment as we do overanalyze our actions and our behavior, and by trying to be in the Present or Now, we won't. Then we force ourselves to be aware always and as we try harder we get further away from it. At this point, we are filled with guilt, negative self-talk, and more unhappiness. DISCLAIMER: I'm nowhere qualified to give anyone any sort of advice not even to myself. this is just my understanding of the subject and I just sharing my knowledge, understanding, and perspective. so, don't take it too seriously.  But if I am to solve this problem, firstly I will ask myself what is 'Now'? and as far as my understanding goes there is absolutely nothing other ...

YOU THE GREAT SANE CREATURES IN THIS UTTERLY INSANE UNIVERSE WHY CAN'T YOU BE A BIT MORE SANE AND STUMBLE UPON THE INSANE CREATOR? YOU THE GREAT RATIONAL CREATURES IN THIS COMPLETELY IRRATIONAL UNIVERSE WHY CAN'T YOU BE A BIT MORE RATIONAL  AND KILL THE INNOCENT IRRATIONAL FOOLISHNESS OF THAT CHILD? YOU THE GREAT WISE CREATURES IN THIS TOTALLY UNWISE UNIVERSE WHY CAN'T YOU BE A BIT MORE WISE AND HAVE ALL THE WISE OBVIOUS ANSWERS TO ALL THE STUPID QUESTIONS?  YOU THE GREAT PROUD HUSTLERS IN THIS EXTREMELY LAZY UNIVERSE WHY CAN'T YOU BE A BIT MORE PROUD  AND DESTROY THE CALM SILENCE BY VERY MEANINGFUL HUSTLE? YOU THE GREAT GREATER GREATEST CREATURE IN THIS ABSOLUTELY WORTHLESS UNIVERSE WHY CAN'T YOU BE A  BIT MORE GREAT AND HUMILIATE THIS WORTHLESS UNIVERSE SO THAT IT CEASES TO EXIST?

Beyond obvious There is everything that's not obvious Within obvious There is everything that's obvious Which one attracts 'this' Obviously the beyond obvious but to be obviously understandable 'this' should be within obvious There is the world, so colorful, so amazing but also strange, haunting, and odd There is another world, too boring, too dull but also very known, familiar, and secure Which one does 'this' prefer obviously the colorful but strange, the stunning but odd But to be obviously sane 'this should prefer boring but known, dull but secure Obviously, there is no obviousness in 'this' and there is no obviousness within obvious So, whatever 'this' tell so Obviously 'this' knows nothing.    

If you want to understand the universe better, then you have to think in terms of frequency, vibration, and energy. --  'NIKOLA TESLA'      There are only 2 ways to look at life, one as if nothing is magical, and another as if everything is magical. -- 'ALBERT EINSTEIN'    We all are superheroes. Not each one of us, but all of us together. -- 'HANK GREEN'   Human suffers only because he takes seriously what God made for fun.-- 'ALAN WATTS'   I would rather have questions that can't be answered than answers that can't be questioned. -- 'RICHARD FEYNMAN'    Highest form of wisdom is in knowing that you know nothing. -- 'SOCRATES'   Even a fool can know. The point is to understand. -- 'ALBERT EINSTEIN'    The person who says doesn't know and the person who knows does not say.  -- 'LAO TZU'   You are not a drop in the ocean. But the ocean in a drop.  -- 'RUMI'    Fluidity is the way to an empty mind. Y...